Transnational Aspirations and the May 18 Spirit: The Legacy and Social Remittance of Korean Immigrants in Germany

Abstract

This paper examines the transnational impact of the May 18 Democratic Movement on Korean immigrants in Germany, focusing on concepts of “transformation,” “social remittance,” and “aspiration.” Through extensive ethnographic research, including participant observation and in-depth interviews, explored is how the spirit of May 18 has gone beyond its origins in 1980s Gwangju to influence the lives and identities of Korean migrants in the decades since, too. These individuals, having undergone significant transformations to their identity, continue to engage in transnational activism, driven by aspirations of democracy, human rights, and reunification. It is argued that the intangible social remittances these migrants transmit — as embodied in their emotional connections, cultural practices, and shared values — play a crucial role in sustaining and expanding the spirit of May 18’s legacy across borders. By situating these narratives within the broader context of global civil society, the study highlights the ongoing relevance of the May 18 Democratic Movement in shaping contemporary aspirations and fostering transnational solidarity.