Some Notes on Community Development in Indonesia

Abstract

When Indonesia proclaimed its independence on August 17, 1945, it faced among other things two critical problems: a) Ignorance, with 96% of the population illiterate, b) Poverty, reflected in a very low standard of living. The desire to eliminate those two problems through independence was reflected in the Preamble of the 1945 Constitution. Afterwards, both the Preamble and the Constitution became the source for all efforts in giving substance to independence.