Der Abzug der sowjetischen Berater und die Neuorientierung der Wissenschaftspolitik der VR China

Abstract The redirection of China’s science-policy program was affected but not effected by the withdrawal of Soviet advisors from the People’s Republic in 1960. The deficiencies of the previous system, modelled after the Soviet example had become apparent years before. Two main objections were raised: a) not enough scientists were properly trained to serve China’s needs and b) the scientific community became more and more isolated from the mainstream of sociopolitical developments. The latter phenomenon bore also on the relationship between research and its application. Thus it had political as well as pragmatic implications. It was to fight against these two tendencies that a drastic change was brought about in the country’s science policy.