Fiction and Fracture: Literary Tropes and the Representation of Afghan Women

Abstract

For more than two decades, literature on Afghanistan has evolved around a similar axis of the literary imagination. Works of fiction, in particular, consistently convey an Afghan female archetype whose significance is defined by her struggle against the oppressive patriarchal values of Afghan culture and society. From Khaled Hosseini’s storied A Thousand Splendid Suns to Deborah Ellis’s The Breadwinner, Afghan women and girls are closely associated with narratives of war, violence and an equally unforgiving socio-cultural landscape. This article examines the representation of Afghan women in two successful novels of contemporary English-language fiction by Afghan-American authors: Khalid Hosseini’s A Thousand Splendid Suns and Nadia Hashimi’s The Pearl that Broke Her Shell. The analysis intends to unpack the tropes and narratives that have come to embody Afghan femininity in the American imagination. Grounded in literary criticism, the article will discuss a selection of prominent works to analyse the effects of textual nuances, narrative structures and character development in producing a characteristic image of “the Afghan woman”. By identifying recurring tropes, stereotypes and other literary devices, the research aims to contribute to ongoing conversations about the limitations of knowledge production on Afghanistan and its people, particularly as such narratives are drawn into the world of politics and policymaking.